C3 Glomerulopathy is a disease that affects the kidneys, especially the glomeruli due to abnormalities in a certain portion of the immune system known as the complement pathway.

Nephrotic syndrome is defined by abnormal loss of protein through the kidneys into the urine (greater than 3.5 grams per day in adults and greater than 50 mg/kg per day in children), leading to low protein levels (albumin, in particular) in the blood.

In minimal change disease, the filters don’t function well because their structure is altered. As blood flows through the altered filters, large amounts of proteins can leak into the urine.