Protein Intake in Kidney Disease: How Much is Enough?

Last Updated: April 30, 2025

In this article:

• How Much Protein Is Recommended?

• Why is Too Much Protein a Concern?

• Best Protein Sources for Kidney Disease

• Key Takeaways

Protein is essential for muscle maintenance, immune function, and overall health. However, for individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD), the right amount and type of protein can make a difference in managing the kidney disease and slowing its progression.

How Much Protein Intake Is Recommended?

The amount of protein a person with CKD should consume depends on their stage of kidney disease and overall health.

✅ For most people with CKD (non-dialysis):

• A moderate protein intake of 0.6–0.8 grams per kilogram of body weight per day is recommended.

• Higher protein intake may be needed due to the risk of frailty and muscle loss (sarcopenia). Consulting a dietitian can help personalize protein needs.

✅ For people on dialysis:

• Dialysis patients often require higher protein intake due to protein loss during treatment. The recommendation is usually 1.0–1.2 grams per kilogram of body weight.

Why is Too Much Protein a Concern?

• Kidney strain: Excess protein produces waste products that the kidneys must filter, which can strain the kidney and hence worsen kidney function over time.

• Acid buildup: High protein intake can worsen metabolic acidosis, leading to muscle breakdown, bone loss and faster progression of kidney disease.

• Phosphorus and Potassium Risks: Many animal proteins contain high levels of phosphorus and potassium, which can be harmful to people with kidney disease.

Best Protein Sources for Kidney Disease

Prioritize Plant-Based Proteins:

Plant-based proteins are preferred as they produce less waste and acid and may help protect kidney function. Some great options include:

✔ Legumes (beans, lentils, chickpeas)

✔ Nuts & Seeds (almonds, flaxseeds, chia seeds)

✔ Tofu & Tempeh

✔ Whole grains (quinoa, brown rice, whole wheat bread)

Limit Animal-Based Proteins:

While they provide high-quality protein, they can be harder on the kidneys. If consumed, it’s best to opt for:

✔ Lean poultry (skinless chicken, turkey)

✔ Fish & seafood (salmon, tilapia, shrimp)

✔ Eggs (especially egg whites)

✔ Dairy (low-phosphorus options like Greek yogurt)

Avoid Very Low-Protein Diets

Extreme protein restriction (below 0.5 g/kg per day) is no longer recommended, as it can lead to essential amino acid deficiencies and malnutrition.

Key Takeaways

✅ People with CKD should follow a moderate protein intake (0.6–0.8 g/kg) to slow disease progression.

✅ Older adults with CKD may need higher protein intake to prevent frailty.

✅ More plant-based proteins and less animal-based proteins are recommended.

✅ Dialysis patients require higher protein intake due to protein loss during treatment.

✅ Avoid very low-protein diets as they can cause nutritional deficiencies.

If you have kidney disease, it is recommended to discuss your diet with your kidney doctor and a dietitian who is certified in kidney nutrition. Your medical team can suggest a diet plan that is specific to you level and type of kidney disease.

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